Derek Smith at the University of Michigan News reports that the University of Michigan and Rice University engineers developed carbon cloth electrodes that efficiently remove boron from seawater, cutting desalination costs by up to 15%, potentially saving around $6.9 billion annually. This breakthrough could help address global water shortages. They write:
Water desalination plants could replace expensive chemicals with new carbon cloth electrodes that remove boron from seawater, an important step of turning seawater into safe drinking water.
A study describing the new technology has been published in Nature Water by engineers at the University of Michigan and Rice University.
Boron is a natural component of seawater that becomes a toxic contaminant in drinking water when it sneaks through conventional filters for removing salts. Seawater’s boron levels are around twice as high as the World Health Organization’s most lenient limits for safe drinking water, and five to 12 times higher than the tolerance of many agricultural plants. […]
In seawater, boron exists as electrically neutral boric acid, so it passes through reverse osmosis membranes that typically remove salt by repelling electrically charged atoms and molecules called ions. To get around this problem, desalination plants normally add a base to their treated water, which causes boric acid to become negatively charged. Another stage of reverse osmosis removes the newly charged boron, and the base is neutralized afterward by adding acid. Those extra treatment steps can be costly.
“Our device reduces the chemical and energy demands of seawater desalination, significantly enhancing environmental sustainability and cutting costs by up to 15 percent, or around 20 cents per cubic meter of treated water,” said Weiyi Pan, a postdoctoral researcher at Rice University and a study co-first author.
Given that global desalination capacity totaled 95 million cubic meters per day in 2019, the new membranes could save around $6.9 billion annually. Large desalination plants—such as San Diego’s Claude “Bud” Lewis Carlsbad Desalination Plant—could save millions of dollars in a year.
Those kinds of savings could help make seawater a more accessible source of drinking water and alleviate the growing water crisis. Freshwater supplies are expected to meet 40% of demand by 2030, according to a 2023 report from the Global Commission on the Economics of Water. […]
The research is funded by the National Alliance for Water Innovation, the U.S. Department of Energy, the U.S. National Science Foundation, and the U.S.-Israel Binational Science Foundation.
Read more here.
Also, read AI’s Thirst for Water – One Bottle of Water Per Email and AI’s Significant Water Consumption.
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